The experts simulate many possible scenarios in order to identify potential risks and to draw up detailed strategic action plans. They are developing systems, for example, which collect environmental data and sound the alarm if any hazardous substances are detected. In a few years’ time, highly sensitive sniffer devices could replace the present physical checks at airports. Without noticing, passengers would walk past sensors checking them for radioactive, chemical, biological and explosive substances as well as for metal objects.

When disaster strikes, the police and rescue services have to arrive quickly and take decisions on the spot. In order to do so they require reliable information. Coordinating operations by two-way radio and searching for information in card files and data sheets cost valuable time. Innovative emergency management systems enable rescue teams to call up all the information they require on PCs and PDAs. If conditions are too dangerous for people, robots equipped with cameras and measuring instruments roll into the danger zone and transmit data to the control center.

Our quasi-dependence on information technology not only applies to emergency situations but also to everyday life. Computers and telephone lines are essential to every company, bank, hospital and energy supplier. Our dependence on this infrastructure increases the importance of security and reliability, because the many and varied channels of communication on which it depends are vulnerable to attack.

 

Scientists bear a great responsibility, as they develop security concepts which protect confidential data. We have become accustomed to using passwords, PIN numbers and ID cards to prevent uninvited guests from logging onto our computer or bank account. Increasing use is being made of biometric systems as a means of authenticating access to data and sensitive areas of buildings. Invisible to us, these data are protected by complex software architectures and encryption systems.

In addition to access controls and video surveillance, building materials and construction methods play an important role when it comes to protecting human life. Power plants, industrial installations and high-rise buildings made of particularly sturdy materials can withstand the impact of an explosion or earthquake.

 

We can therefore all be thankful that experts and scientists do not wait for the worst to happen but respond to potential risks and dangers in advance by taking preventative measures.